| The N.Y.S. Unified Court System, in its on-line | | | | In those circumstances, special trusts, designed to |
| Glossary of Legal Terms (see has the following | | | | give the child some use of the money while |
| definition: | | | | preserving government benefits, may be in order. |
| Infant's compromise: a civil proceeding or motion | | | | Sometimes the lawyer may call on a consultant |
| for obtaining court approval of the settlement of | | | | to devise a "structured settlement." A structured |
| an infant's claim a civil proceeding or motion for | | | | settlement is designed to invest the infant's |
| obtaining court approval of the settlement of an | | | | money profitably, while ensuring that the money |
| infant's claim. | | | | is paid out over time, and not all available to the |
| Legally, an "infant" is a person under age eighteen. | | | | infant at age eighteen. Structured settlements can |
| In New York State, an infant's case can not be | | | | span years, with payments made monthly or |
| settled without the approval of a judge, not even | | | | quarterly, and with larger payments timed to |
| if the parent wants to accept the settlement. This | | | | coincide with anticipated college tuition or the |
| situation typically arises when the infant has a | | | | purchase of a home, or anything that the infant, |
| claim or lawsuit for personal injury arising out of | | | | parents and attorney can anticipate. |
| an accident. The reason is simple: to protect the | | | | Under certain rare, emergency circumstances an |
| minor and keep the money safe until he or she is | | | | infant's money can be withdrawn early - before |
| at least eighteen years old. | | | | the eighteenth birthday. But this requires a judge |
| New York State's Civil Practice Law and Rules | | | | to approve the request, and judges are careful to |
| provides at Sections 1206 and 1207 for the | | | | ensure that the money is not being used for the |
| authority of the Court in these matters. A judge | | | | family's regular living expenses. |
| plays several roles. First, the settlement can be | | | | Some terminology: |
| refused, if for some reason the judge feels that it | | | | An infant or infant's "compromise order" is the |
| is inadequate, in other words, not enough money. | | | | paper signed by a judge approving the settlement |
| Second, and as important, the judge can order | | | | of the infant's claim, authorizing payment to the |
| where the funds are to be held or invested for | | | | attorney, and empowering the infant's parent to |
| the infant. Usually, the attorney recommends a | | | | sign a release settling the claim. |
| proposed course of action for the investment. | | | | An infant or infant's "compromise hearing" is the |
| The judge also approves the attorney's fee. If | | | | courthouse meeting where the judge considers |
| the judge feels that the attorney is seeking too | | | | the settlement. Present are the judge, attorney, |
| large a fee for too little work, then the lawyer's | | | | parent and infant. Typically, the judge makes sure |
| fee may be reduced. | | | | that the terms of the settlement are fair and |
| If the sum of money involved is not large, and | | | | understood by the parent and, if he or she is old |
| the infant is not suffering from any kind of | | | | enough, by the child. Also, that they know that |
| mental disability that would prevent him or her | | | | the case or claim is being settled and disposed of |
| from managing the money at age eighteen, the | | | | forever; there is no going back for more money, |
| money is usually ordered to be deposited into a | | | | at any time. The judge may also ask the infant |
| bank account and held jointly with the bank, for | | | | some questions about his or her physical condition, |
| the ultimate benefit of and use by the infant. | | | | to try to see if any injuries have healed, or look |
| Large settlement amounts or infants who may be | | | | at any scars that the infant may have suffered, |
| receiving government benefits (such as Medicaid | | | | as part of the process of evaluating the fairness |
| or SSI) present a special challenge. | | | | of the proposed settlement. |