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Defending The Lord's Table: The Transcendental Failure of Paedocommunion

Lately, the world of reformed Christian children.But Proverbs 20:10 clearly
churches (often called "Calvinists" and weighs in against just such ethical
"Presbyterians") has displayed a fervent bifurcations required by anti-theonomic
preoccupation with a doctrine gaining positions: "Differing weights and
currency, which bears the name differing measures, the Lord detests them
"paedocommunion." This heterodox notion both." I hasten to add here the very next
aspires to usurp the unanimous testimony verse, which in context deliberately
of the Holy Scripture and the solitary expands on it -- reads, "Even a child is
testimony of the confessional known by his doings, whether his work be
reformation, usually identified as pure, and whether it be right." And since
"credo-communion."What is paedocommunion to do what is right means to do what God
[hereafter "PC"]? It is the practice of has commanded, the Bible clearly teaches
giving the Lord's Supper to baptized that children and adults NEVER properly
children, even apart from a rite of have two different ethical standards
passage or criterion such as confirmation applied to them -- as the PC position
or the making of a credible profession of requires in its conflicting
faith. Herein, unless specified more interpretations of "one standard for
particularly, however, PC refers to the all," and yet different standards used in
doctrine which advocates the practice of 1 Cor. 10 as set over against 1 Cor.
giving the Lord's supper apart from a 11.Thus, we find the PC advocate cannot
prior examination, rather than to the maintain his pet exegtical strategy in
practice itself.Contrariwise, I will use 1st Corinthians 11, on the one hand, and
"credocommunion" [hereafter "CC"] to the integtrity of a single ethical
refer to the doctrine which advocates the standard required by his Theonomy, on the
practice of requiring a test (criterion) other. How did Dr. Bahnsen say it so
for cognitive and moral maturity (as often ... oh yes, now I remember, "You
judged by the elders of a particular cannot have it BOTH ways."C.
church) as a prerequisite for Paedocommunion vs. the Biblical Doctrine
participating in the sacrament of the of The Nature of Oaths and CovenantsNext
Lord's supper. The following provides an we come to examine whether or not the PC
excellent and brief overview of the position meshes with the biblical
confessional perspective on the Lord's teaching on the requirements for
supper. It is this position I purport to confirming covenants. These, we will see,
defend at present, though the whole are different than those required for
confessional position is much longer, initiating oaths and covenants in the
consisting as it does of the Westminster Bible. First, we note that God has given
Confession of Faith (1646), chapter 29 historically two sacraments as signs and
and the Larger Catechism, questions #168 seals of the various administrations of
- #177. Here is the abbreviated form from the covenant of grace: the first
WCF chapter 29:I. Our Lord Jesus, in the initiatory and probationary, and the
night wherein he was betrayed, instituted second continuous and confirmatory; in
the sacrament of his body and blood, the first, the recipient of grace remains
called the Lord's Supper, to be observed passive and receptive; in the second, the
in his Church unto the end of the world; receiver of grace actively participates
for the perpetual remembrance of the in the oath-based ritual in question.The
sacrifice of himself in his death, the two trees in the garden of Eden provide
sealing all benefits thereof unto true examples: the trees of life, and of the
believers, their spiritual nourishment knowledge of good and evil. The first
and growth in him, their further showed a kind of probation and the other
engagement in and to all duties which signified and sealed one in
they owe unto him; and to be a bond and righteousness. The Old Covenant likewise
pledge of their communion with him, and displays two sacraments, (initiatory and
with each other, as members of his probationary). Those circumcised into the
mystical body.III. The Lord Jesus hath, Mosaic covenant took on this initiatory
in this ordinance, appointed his rite to enter the OT Church, the people
ministers to declare his word of of Israel.Israel's sacrificial system,
institution to the people, to pray, and summed up in the Passover, continued
bless the elements of bread and wine, and throughout the life of Israel, confirming
thereby to set them apart from a common the life promised by the covenant Lord.
to an holy use; and to take and break the Here, the sacrificer waxed reckless only
bread, to take the cup, and (they at his own injury (2 Samuel 6:5-15 and
communicating also themselves) to give Lev 10:1-3).The New Covenant also
both to the communicants; but to none who displays two sacraments where Baptism
are not then present in the corresponds to circumcision (See
congregation.The title above indicates Colossians 2:12-13), both of which
that the doctrine of PC incurs a function as a sign and seal of the
"transcendental failure." What I mean by covenant of grace. Neither confers grace
this maybe better understood with a brief merely by the elements themselves.After
history of the idea of a -- and only after (note the
"transcendental." This referred with biconditional) -- one's probation is
German philosopher, Immanuel Kant, to the fulfilled, he may be confirmed in his
most basic categories (i.e. modes, etc) rights and priviledges of the second
of human perception, or (in more modern sacrament, which, in the case of the NT
terms) ways in which people are is the Lord's Supper.These examples, both
"hardwired" to view and interact with the from the Older and Newer covenants
world. A more obscure Dutch theologian, provide instances of a more general point
one Cornelius Van Til, used the idea in a about making and taking oaths (of which
novel way by applying these not to covenants are a subset). The making of
people, but to the worldviews -- basic any oath by one recognized as a domestic
units of thought which form an inferior in the Bible (i.e. a wife, son
interpretive matrix for understanding or daughter) is subject to judicial
what kind of world this is (metaphysics), review and nullification by the federal
how we know what we know (epistemology), head of the house.Numbers 30:3-5 reads:If
and how we ought to live our lives a woman also vow a vow unto the LORD, and
(ethics). For Dr. Van Til, bind herself by a bond, being in her
transcendentals comprise the most basic father's house in her youth; And her
parts of a worldview, which woven father hear her vow, and her bond
together properly provide the wherewith she hath bound her soul, and
foundational picture of the world that her father shall hold his peace at her;
enables us to make sense out of life's then all her vows shall stand, and every
experiences."Transcendentals" thus render bond wherewith she hath bound her soul
human experience intelligible to us. shall stand. But if her father disallow
Without them, one's attempts to account her in the day that he heareth; not any
for the different features of what we of her vows, or of her bonds wherewith
wake up to in the morning (the unity of she hath bound her soul, shall stand: and
our experience and yet the many different the LORD shall forgive her, because her
kinds of particular things making up that father disallowed her.D. Common
experience, called the "problem of the Objections to Credocommunion
one and the many" by some) would leave Overcome.Some have alleged that this
some or all such features of reality position requires an arbitrariness on the
unexplained. Thus, transcendentals part of the elders since the Bible
skillfully interlaced into a cognitive provides no objective way to decide when
framework -- as with the Christian a child may begin taking the Lord's
worldview -- provide the elemental Supper. I answer that a non-arbitrary
interpretive components sufficient to marker of delineating readiness for the
"make sense of it all."But for the Lord's supper does in fact exist in the
transcendentals to render an account Bible: nature itself. With puberty comes
coherent, they must be related to each physical development, including the
other in a consistent fashion. For a ability to think in terms of abstract and
worldview to accomplish its "interpretive moral reasoning. This then provides the
function," it cannot permit internal obvious point at which elders ought to
dissonance among its many parts, for this begin an inquiry for readiness on the
would ruin its claim to coherence. Each part of the child in concert with the
part of the worldview in question must assessment of the head of the
sweetly comport with the others -- both house.Moreover, Paul regularly appeals in
the transcendental, or more basic parts, the Scripture to such markers offered
as well as those more peripheral, in from nature, saying things like "does not
order to manage the "consent of all the even nature teach us..." . In the case of
parts." Thus any worldview whose basic maturity as readiness for communion, the
elements relate to each other like Larry, Scripture (Luke 2:41) agrees with
Moe and Curly (dissonantly) necessarily this."And when he was 12 years old, they
cannot provide the transcendentals -- for went up [to the passover] according to
some of its parts would logically exclude the custom." That this was Jesus first
some transcendental elements, thus trip to Passover is manifest from the
promoting "epistemological chaos."Now how context, and in this most commentators
is any of this profitable to this agree. J. Jeremias, in his landmark
discussion? It implies that one may test Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus, throws
the veridicality (truthfulness) of any some valuable light on this custom. He
doctrine by superimposing it, as it were, says, "...we may conclude (from Luke
upon the Christian worldview to see if it 2:41) that it was custom among people
implies the other parts of that from a distance to bring their children
worldview, so that one may see clearly when they reached twelve years of age."
whether it relates to the biblical (p. 76) Before twelve years of age, they
outlook either by the consent of all the remained at home.Some have challenged
parts (logical coherence) or else by the that all the privileges of membership in
dissent of many of the parts (logical the covenant community belong to all the
dissonance). When we attempt this -- and saints, and that covenant children (being
we will do so shortly -- our exercise saints) should be admitted to the Lord's
clearly falsifies the counterfeit Table.I answer that this overlooks the
doctrine of paedocommunion, identifying obvious point that one may not
it as an element foreign to the biblical necessarily undertake every covenant
perspective -- as we shall see.Our first privileges from the moment of his entry
test for the PC doctrine finds it wholly into the covenant community (i.e.
incompatible with a biblical doctrine Church). Although each person (saint) in
accepted by most advocates of PC, one principle has every spiritual blessing in
typically dubbed "postmillenial Christ from the moment of his or her
eschatology."A. Paedocommunion v. baptism, yet he does not inherit them all
Postmillenial EschatologyPC advocates at once in practice -- but only in
promote as a reason for yielding to their principle. Likewise, he obtains all his
view the idea that the early Christian spiritual gifts from the moment he is
Church unanimously or generally promoted born again, but this does not entitle him
PC for the first nine centuries of its to begin preaching the gospel -- even if
history. Moreover, they often give he is so called -- without first
various reasons for why the Reformed undertaking intellectual preparation and
confessions at present unanimously reject certification by elders of the
PC in favor of CC. This means that both church.Examples of "delayed privileges"
sides are agreed, at least, that the in the Bible include the facts that:* No
Christian church's confessional position male can go to war to fight for his
presently is CC, not PC.This places an country until he reaches the age of 20.*
interesting question before us then. No minister may begin ministering in an
Given postmillenial eschatology's demand official ecclesiastical post until he
that the Church must grow in the grace reaches the age of thirty, (see the
and knowledge of our Lord Jesus Levitical age requirement and the Lukan
progressively over time (corporate account of the age at which Jesus began
sanctification), which should we tend to ministering) even though he receives the
favor, that of the early (far less gifts for ministry at the moment he is
doctrinally mature) or the much later and born of the Spirit.* No one may "practice
much more learned church? Or, put the theology" (Ahem) of the Song of
differently, which view identifies the Solomon until he or she is first
era of greater grace and sanctification married.E. Paedo-communion vs. Salvation
in the Church, the second or the by Grace alone through FAITH alone.The
seventeenth century? By answering the classical reformed (and biblical)
question consistently with the formulation of the grace communicated by
postmillenial outlook, the progress of the sacraments comes to the heart of the
the corporate sanctification of the believer who participates rightly via the
Church would require us to favor the CC sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit who
position.B. By What Standard? indwells every regenerate saint. But the
Paedocommunion vs. Theonomic EthicsMany, doctrine of PC seeks to circumvent this
if not most, of the advocates for the PC understanding by making the Lord's supper
position hold to the biblical position efficacious in the life of the
ordinarly dubbed "Theonomy," the biblical UNbelieving saint also -- the saint
view which maintains the principle of before he is old enough even to
continuity as a rule for distinguishing understand the gospel, and, therefore
which of the laws of the Older Testament (ordinarily) to possess saving faith. The
continue to bind men and women to the Scripture says plainly enough that faith
performance thereof, and which laws do comes by hearing, and hearing by the word
not, in the Newer Testament. This of God [preached]. By making the
principle simply affirms that unless sacramental grace efficacious APART from
abrogated or qualified by a New Testament the faith-imparting work of the Spirit
passage, or by the logical force of results in (i.e. implies) affirming the
several such passages combined, Older doctrine of "mechanistic grace" common
Testamental laws continue to bind men to referred to by people addicted to Latin
perform them as orginially given.This as "ex opere operato."But this has the
implies, and Theonomists like the late easy and swift refutation that
Dr. Greg Bahnsen state so explicitly in mechanistic grace is a "yes or no"
their works, that God judges all men by proposition in which it would not be
the one and same standard -- the law of possible to receive baptism in an
God -- which may be known by a proper "unworthy manner" - you either do or do
application of the principle of not receive it - and no one would ever
continuity in studying out the various die from participitating in such a
texts -- together with other sound rules version of the Lord' s Supper the wrong
for properly interpreting the Word of fashion. This is because the curse as
God. So far, so good. But PC advocates well as the blessing attending holy
quickly run up against an enigma created communion remain the work of the Spirit
by one of their very own exegetical of grace.But since faith is in fact a
necessities.Now PC proponents need to biblical prerequisite for receiving the
circumvent the CC requirement for blessing of communion, so also is the
children to show themselves able to proper understanding of the gospel
examine and assess the moral quality of (intellectual maturity), since faith
their lives against the standard of God's comes by hearing and understanding the
Word as a way of preparing to partake of Word of the Lord.CONCLUSION: From this
the Lord's supper in a worthy manner. The brief introduction and internal critique
perennially disputed passage in question of a counterfeit doctrine and the
reads, "But let a man examine himself, positions normally associated with it in
and so let him eat of that bread, and a Christian (Theonomic-Postmillenial)
drink of that cup . . ." Here, PC worldview, it should be apparent almost
adherents quickly point out that this immediately that the doctrine of
must not apply to children (for it says paedocommunion contradicts several major
"man") and the early typological features of biblical teaching, denying in
counterpart (see 1 Cor. 10:1 ff) surely principle the consent of all the parts.
included children without requiring such Therefore, the Bible necessarily teaches
a test.If we grant this position, however the doctrine of credocommunion, and the
(simply for the sake of argument), we may Westminster divines once again win the
quickly note that none of the persons -- day. These were wise men.Carson Day has
children OR ADULTS -- in the typological written some 1.3 gazillion articles and
shadow of "spiritual food and drink" in essays on all manner of topics. These aim
the previous chapter had to meet any such to glorify God and offer people real help
cognitive criterion; yet in 1 Corinthians to live wisely and well. You can visit
11, PC advocates expect us to accept the Carson's websites at (The Omniblog,
view that God has now chosen to require where Carson blogs everything) or
one communion standard for adults, and a (Carson's Day Trading Outpost). Thanks
different one (none at all), for for stopping by.




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